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      HiFAR is a High-Frequency surface wave Array Radar. The HiFAR program is a joint development effort between METRATEK, the University of Michigan, and the University of Miami. Each radar employs two sites, with a phased receiving array of 8-32 broad band elements and  transmit antennas that provide operation over 4-30 MHz. At these frequencies,  radar waves propagate over the ocean in the surface wave mode for long distances, well beyond the normal radar horizon. This makes it possible to provide synoptic (simultaneous) monitoring of ocean conditions over more than 1500 square miles. Typically, a map of the area jointly covered by the two sites is produced once every 15 minutes.

      For oceanographic research, HiFAR can measure ocean currents, wind direction, wave spectra, and wave height over a range interval of  1 to 60 or 100 kilometers off shore. Use of multiple frequencies allows current shear in the first two meters of depth to be measured. This type of information permits wide-area now casting of ocean conditions, mapping of currents for ecological and wildlife research, and now casts of oil spill motion. Typical output data maps, courtesy of  Dr. Hans C. Graber of the University of Miami, are shown below.

      HiFAR can also be used as a low cost means of ocean surveillance  and for enforcing national sovereignty at ranges of up to 200 nautical miles. The radar can  measure speed of ships and aircraft, and determine locations to within a few kilometers.

      The HiFAR program is funded as a STTR program by the Office of Naval Research. Initial Operating Capability is expected to occur in early 1999. METRATEK is now taking advance orders for this system.