communism
The ideal of economic communism was one means that both medieval and
post-Reformation dissident groups used to create the internal cohesion necessary to face
the disapproval of society and of traditional religious institutions. The
example of "primitive" Christianity has been used again and again in latter
Christian groups, even as the economic evolution of Western culture has led so far
from it.
The economic order of the Shakers saw its greatest development after the
sect's establishment in America, but the original seeds are nevertheless
evident in the members of the Wardley Society who -- mostly of poor circumstance in
an emerging working class-- came together to common meetings, financially
supported by those numbered members who had the means. From the start, their form of
worship represented the original ideal of apostolic Christianity.